The rapid spread of COVID-19 prompted a global expansion of telepharmacy services as an alternative means of delivering pharmaceutical care. Despite this accelerated adoption, limited research has explored pharmacy students’ understanding of telepharmacy, their attitudes toward its use, and their readiness to participate in such services—particularly in countries where telepharmacy was not well developed before the pandemic. As prospective pharmacists, students’ preparedness and acceptance are essential for the sustainable integration of telepharmacy into routine healthcare systems.This study sought to assess pharmacy students’ knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to provide telepharmacy services in Indonesia, as well as to examine factors influencing these dimensions. A multicenter, cross-sectional study was carried out among pharmacy students enrolled at three public universities in Indonesia, located in Bandung, Surabaya, and the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling, and data were gathered through a self-administered online questionnaire evaluating telepharmacy-related knowledge, perceptions, and willingness to practice. Ordinal regression was applied to identify predictors of higher knowledge levels, while binary logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with positive perceptions. Associations were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).In total, 313 pharmacy students completed the survey. The majority of respondents were female (83.4%), with a mean age of 20 years. Only a small proportion (13.2%) demonstrated a high level of telepharmacy knowledge. In contrast, two-thirds of participants (66.5%) expressed favorable attitudes toward telepharmacy, and nearly all respondents (97.4%) indicated their willingness to offer telepharmacy services in their future careers. Increasing age (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.14–1.54) and higher self-reported smartphone proficiency (OR 5.21; 95% CI 2.03–13.42) were significantly associated with greater knowledge. Additionally, male students were significantly less likely than female students to report positive perceptions of telepharmacy (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.24–0.85).Pharmacy students in Indonesia generally exhibited limited knowledge of telepharmacy; however, their attitudes toward this service and their willingness to engage in telepharmacy practice were largely positive. These findings underscore the importance of integrating telepharmacy concepts and practical training into pharmacy education. Furthermore, differences related to age, digital literacy, and gender should be taken into account when developing educational and policy initiatives to promote telepharmacy implementation in Indonesia.
