TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Ethical Limits of Waiting for Certainty: A Proportionality Framework for Clinical Decisions Under Prognostic Uncertainty, Irreversible Harm, and Conflicting Patient Priorities
A1  - Sarah Mitchell
A1  - David Thompson
A1  - Emily Carter
A1  - Michael Lee
JF  - Asian Journal of Ethics in Health and Medicine
JO  - Asian J Ethics Health Med
SN  - 3108-5059
Y1  - 2026
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
DO  - 10.51847/oBy76p2BrC
SP  - 13
EP  - 22
N2  - Clinical decisions under prognostic uncertainty are often framed as a conflict between acting on incomplete information and waiting until confidence improves. That framing is ethically incomplete because postponement is not a neutral interval. Additional time may improve prognostic reliability, reveal treatment response, permit communication, and reduce the risk of an irreversible decision based on premature judgment. Yet the same delay may expose patients to avoidable suffering, progressive deterioration, loss of treatment opportunities, prolonged burdensome intervention, or erosion of meaningful choice. This normative analysis examines when uncertainty justifies waiting and when waiting itself becomes disproportionate. Using proportionality and threshold reasoning, it distinguishes the epistemic value of additional time from the moral costs generated by delay, then examines how irreversibility and conflicting patient priorities modify that balance. The central argument is that uncertainty alone cannot determine the permissibility of postponement. Waiting remains justified while the expected decision-relevant value of additional information is sufficient to warrant the burdens and option losses created by delay, taking account of whether action or inaction is more reversible and whether the temporal strategy remains aligned with the patient’s priorities. The analysis therefore rejects both automatic action under uncertainty and indefinite deferral in pursuit of unattainable certainty. Clinically defensible decisions require explicit purposes for waiting, time-bounded reassessment, attention to losses that cannot later be repaired, and recognition that reasonable patients may rank survival, function, comfort, hope, preparation, and decisional control differently.
UR  - https://smerpub.com/article/the-ethical-limits-of-waiting-for-certainty-a-proportionality-framework-for-clinical-decisions-unde-zbbj2rtb5nk3bor
ER  -