In this study, the cytotoxic effect of newly developed peptide esters of galantamine—specifically GAL-VAL and GAL-LEU—was assessed against the HeLa cell line, a model for human cervical adenocarcinoma, using a concentration gradient ranging from 1.875 µM to 30 µM. Among the two, GAL-LEU showed a significantly enhanced ability to impair HeLa cell viability, achieving an 86.81% suppression at the highest concentration tested (30 µM), with cell viability reduced to 13.19%. Comparative evaluation of their IC50 values revealed a greater potency for GAL-LEU, which required only 23.63 µM to reduce viability by half, while GAL-VAL showed a less potent IC50 of 31.95 µM. These results demonstrate the strong cytotoxic action of both peptide esters on the HeLa cell line, with GAL-LEU standing out as the more effective agent. The data point toward the promising therapeutic potential of GAL-VAL and GAL-LEU for further development in the treatment of cervical adenocarcinoma.