Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions worldwide. This review aims to investigate the role of pharmacogenomics in the treatment of AD. Pharmacogenomic strategies aim to improve the efficacy and safety of treatments by identifying genetic factors that influence drug metabolism. These approaches include genetic testing to identify individuals at higher risk for AD and discovering new drug targets based on the genetic causes of the disease. For example, genetic variations in the CYP2D6 gene can significantly affect the metabolism of donepezil, a commonly used cholinesterase inhibitor in AD treatment. Recognizing these genetic differences could lead to personalized drug dosing or the selection of alternative medications. In addition, genetic testing of the APOE gene can identify individuals at higher risk of developing AD, allowing for earlier interventions that may delay or prevent disease onset. Furthermore, research into the genetic basis of AD is driving the development of drugs targeting beta-amyloid, a protein that accumulates in the brains of AD patients. In sum, pharmacogenomic approaches have the potential to revolutionize AD treatment by tailoring treatments to the unique genetic profiles of patients.
