A frequent complication observed in cancer patients is thrombosis, which affects both arterial and venous circulation. However, the exact mechanisms of blood clot formation and the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) remain unclear. This study performed a morpho-histological examination of the lower limb muscles in two groups of cancer patients who also experienced deep vein thrombosis leading to thrombus migration. In both groups, which succumbed to pulmonary embolism following clot migration from the lower limb veins, significant dystrophic changes in muscle fibers were identified. These changes were accompanied by the narrowing of the arteries and significant dilation of the venous vessels. In addition, endothelial damage was evident in all venous vessels examined, indicating the presence of thrombosis in the veins responsible for draining blood from the muscle tissue. Patients with pancreatic and/or colorectal cancer showed substantial hemodynamic, hypertrophic, dystrophic, and atrophic modifications in muscle fibers. The findings indicate a systemic impact of malignancies on vascular function and hemodynamics in the lower extremities.
