This scoping review seeks to deliver an in-depth overview of new patterns and prospective directions in medical and pharmacy education, responding to the growing need for educational models that can keep pace with a rapidly changing healthcare environment. A structured literature search was performed across several databases to locate pertinent publications released between April 2014 and April 2024. Studies focusing on trends, foresight, and anticipated developments in medical and pharmacy education were eligible for inclusion. Data were extracted and synthesized using a rigorous process with independent reviewers and standardized extraction tools. Key themes were derived through systematic coding and conceptual mapping.
Among 926 identified records, 22 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed, uncovering multiple major trends: (1) Application of artificial intelligence (AI), virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR), and other digital tools to improve education and competency development; (2) Curriculum redesigns prioritizing interprofessional learning, value-based healthcare, population health, and social determinants of health; (3) Expansion of multidisciplinary frameworks integrating genomics, biotechnology, and data science; (4) Greater attention to disease prevention and long-term management of chronic conditions; (5) Development of ethical guidelines and competency benchmarks for effective human–AI interaction. Overall, the findings underscored the importance of harmonizing technological progress with foundational clinical abilities and humanistic principles. This review outlines substantial shifts in medical and pharmacy education and offers guidance for educators and policymakers seeking to align curricula and pedagogical strategies with the evolving healthcare context. Leveraging innovations such as AI and VR/AR, while fostering flexibility, interdisciplinary teamwork, and patient-centered practice, is vital to sustaining educational relevance. Preparing a workforce skilled in human–AI collaboration and grounded in multidisciplinary knowledge will be essential for future healthcare systems.
