This article addresses a significant and timely issue within modern Russian administrative law: the system of administrative punishments and the procedures for their enforcement. It also highlights the legal challenges that emerge during the imposition of administrative penalties. The importance of this topic stems from issues faced by officials in the process of holding individuals administratively accountable, determining appropriate sanctions, and enforcing them—challenges often caused by legislative gaps, which may result in procedural violations and, consequently, the infringement of the rights and freedoms of those subject to administrative responsibility. Examining the experience of foreign countries in regulating various public relations and deriving insights from it can be effectively applied to similar areas of activity within the Russian Federation. Generally, the administrative law of other countries is defined as the set of legal norms governing public administration (administrative activity) and oversight of such activity, with key institutions forming the core of their systems. Countries with established administrative law can be classified into two main categories: 1) France and nations that have adopted its legal system; 2) states where German legal influence predominates. These groups contrast with countries that do not recognize administrative law as a distinct legal branch, such as the United States, Britain, and other nations following Anglo-Saxon legal traditions.
