Written by Jiří Černý
Published in Vol 4 Issue 2, 2024
Ixodes ticks act as vectors of a wide range of pathogens responsible for infectious diseases, many of which are found in natural settings. This review aims to analyze the available research on the infestation of Ixodes ticks with disease-causing microorganisms in the Russian Federation. Sources such as RSCI, Cyberleninka, PubMed, WoS, and Scopus provide valuable insights into the role of Ixodes ticks as vectors for such diseases. This study synthesizes findings from different regions through ana
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Written by Olga P. Lebedeva
Published in Vol 4 Issue 2, 2024
Apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is regulated by both pro-apoptotic factors (such as p53) and anti-apoptotic factors (such as Bcl-2). During pregnancy, apoptosis plays an important role in maintaining the balance for the proper development of the placenta. However, spontaneous abortions are often associated with cellular dysfunction, which may result from excessive apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate how pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors interact and influence the occurr
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Written by Radhika Rampat
Published in Vol 4 Issue 2, 2024
The high prevalence of cataracts necessitates the development of advanced technologies in ophthalmic microsurgery. A research team has introduced an innovative hydrodynamic scheme designed to increase the safety of phacoemulsification procedures. This system detects occlusion by monitoring the vacuum levels in the aspiration line; when a critical threshold is reached and sustained, the system detects the occlusion and gradually reduces the vacuum to a predetermined value, all while maintaining o
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Written by Thayne Woycinck Kowalski
Published in Vol 4 Issue 2, 2024
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1; MIM #162200), commonly called von Recklinghausen disease, is a frequently encountered genetic condition transmitted via autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by a spectrum of neurocutaneous symptoms, such as café-au-lait patches, freckling in skin folds, various types of neurofibroma (including dermal and plexiform), as well as neurological and skeletal complications. The condition affects approximately 1 in every 3,000 to 4,000 people. Separately, co
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Written by Mateusz Kęska
Published in Vol 4 Issue 2, 2024
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), both of which are characterized by systemic inflammation that increases the risk of CVD. Although these two conditions share this common inflammatory component, the specific pathways and associated factors that elevate cardiovascular risk differ. This article delves into the immune system’s response, inflammatory processes, and genetic factors t
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Written by Ahmed Ebrahim Elerian
Published in Vol 4 Issue 2, 2024
This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) and shock wave therapy (SWT) on pain levels, shoulder mobility, and function in individuals with diabetic frozen shoulder (DFS). A total of 84 patients (aged 40–60 years) were randomly assigned into two groups: the shock wave group (G1; n = 41) and the HILT group (G2; n = 43). Shoulder functionality was measured using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, pain was evaluated using the visu
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Written by Hassan Noor
Published in Vol 4 Issue 2, 2024
The present study aimed to investigate advances in the treatment of esophageal stricture and the role of stents in benign and malignant diseases. The esophagus is a muscular tube that plays a crucial role in the process of swallowing and transports both solids and liquids from the pharynx to the stomach. Its development involves contributions from the embryonic endoderm, mesoderm, and neural crest cells. Esophageal pathology is diverse, and surgical procedures for its correction often require on
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