The present study aimed to investigate advances in the treatment of esophageal stricture and the role of stents in benign and malignant diseases. The esophagus is a muscular tube that plays a crucial role in the process of swallowing and transports both solids and liquids from the pharynx to the stomach. Its development involves contributions from the embryonic endoderm, mesoderm, and neural crest cells. Esophageal pathology is diverse, and surgical procedures for its correction often require ongoing enhancements. Barrett’s esophagus, which is most often caused by gastroesophageal reflux, is a common condition, though strictures may also develop due to neoplastic causes or chemical burns. A thorough understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the esophageal is crucial for both internal medicine and surgical treatment approaches. In recent years, the treatment of esophageal strictures has relied heavily on esophageal stents, which are made of materials such as metal, polymer, or biodegradable substances. While the clinical outcomes are generally favorable, complications are common. The first recorded attempt at stenting dates back to the mid-19th century using an ivory tube. In cases involving the ingestion of caustic substances, both dilation and stenting show promising results. However, these procedures are associated with various complications, ranging from pain to incomplete stent expansion.
