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Annals of Pharmacy Education, Safety, and Public Health Advocacy

2025 Volume 5

Evaluating Eye Health Education for Pharmacy and Dietetic Professions: Evidence From a Pre–Post Intervention Study


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  1. Department of Pharmacy Practice and Public Health, School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Abstract

A targeted educational program was developed to address gaps in eye health knowledge among allied health professionals. The initial focus was on increasing awareness of the role of nutrition in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) among dietitians in training and professional practice. This program was later adapted and expanded to encompass broader eye health content for undergraduate pharmacy students. The initial intervention was delivered in 2019 at a national professional conference in Australia. Accredited dietitians and dietetic students attended an interactive two-hour workshop exploring nutritional strategies relevant to AMD prevention and management. Knowledge acquisition was evaluated using questionnaires administered before and after the session, with participant consent inferred through completion of both surveys. The principal outcome measure was the difference in AMD-related nutrition knowledge following the intervention. The revised intervention was subsequently implemented within a university pharmacy curriculum at an Australian institution. Second-year pharmacy students completed a four-hour learning module designed to strengthen foundational eye health knowledge and to explore the professional role of pharmacists in supporting individuals with low vision. Evaluation followed a pre–post study design, with changes in aggregate knowledge, perception, and attitude scores serving as the primary outcome measures. Participation was voluntary, and completion of both questionnaires constituted informed consent. In the dietetics cohort, comprising ten practising dietitians and five dietetic students, a statistically significant increase in overall knowledge scores was observed following the intervention (mean scores increased from 7.07 ± 1.94 to 10.8 ± 1.01; p = 0.001). Improvements were particularly evident in participants’ understanding of evidence-based dietary recommendations, identification of food sources rich in AMD-associated nutrients, and awareness of relevant supplementation. Among the pharmacy cohort, 179 second-year Bachelor of Pharmacy students enrolled in the Pharmacy Practice unit demonstrated a modest but significant improvement in overall eye health knowledge after completing the educational module (6.25 ± 1.93 pre-intervention vs. 6.64 ± 2.00 post-intervention; p = 0.011). Students’ perception scores regarding the role of pharmacists in eye and low vision care also increased significantly (41.54 ± 5.26 to 42.45 ± 4.95; p = 0.004). In contrast, no significant change was detected in overall attitude scores. The targeted educational workshop effectively enhanced nutrition-related knowledge concerning AMD among practising and student dietitians. When adapted for pharmacy education, the intervention similarly resulted in measurable gains in general eye health knowledge and improved perceptions of pharmacists’ professional involvement in low vision care, although attitudes remained unchanged.


How to cite this article
Vancouver
Collins MD, Shaw RA, Jenkins LP. Evaluating Eye Health Education for Pharmacy and Dietetic Professions: Evidence From a Pre–Post Intervention Study. Ann Pharm Educ Saf Public Health Advocacy. 2025;5:235-46. https://doi.org/10.51847/F1v78inVUo
APA
Collins, M. D., Shaw, R. A., & Jenkins, L. P. (2025). Evaluating Eye Health Education for Pharmacy and Dietetic Professions: Evidence From a Pre–Post Intervention Study. Annals of Pharmacy Education, Safety, and Public Health Advocacy, 5, 235-246. https://doi.org/10.51847/F1v78inVUo
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