Written by Naoki Todayama
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Carcinoma developing at the colostomy site following an abdominoperineal resection (APR) is an extremely rare event, with only a small number of instances documented in the available literature. In the absence of biopsy confirmation, such growths can often be mistaken for conditions such as hyperplasia or granulation tissue, especially at the stoma edges, complicating the diagnosis. We describe a unique case of a man in his late 50s who underwent an abdominoperineal resection due to rectal cance
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Written by Namita Singh
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
The Ki-67 labelling index (LI) is an important marker used to assess cell proliferation in glioma diagnosis, providing valuable insights into tumor growth and potentially contributing to prognosis. This study investigates Ki-67 expression in astrocytic tumors and its association with clinicopathological features. We documented the clinical and radiological details of 43 glioma patients. Histopathological grade and morphology were assessed by H&E slide examination, while the Ki-67 labelling index
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Written by Jorge Guillen
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
The global incidence and mortality rates of cancer are rapidly escalating, with prostate cancer ranking as the second most prevalent form of cancer in men, affecting approximately 1.41 million people worldwide (according to data from the World Health Organization (WHO)). Stevioside, a naturally occurring compound, has shown promising results in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. This research seeks to investigate the molecular pathways responsible for the chemopreventive anticancer effects o
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Written by Karim Mashhour
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
This study was conducted with the primary objective of evaluating and contrasting the acute toxicity outcomes associated with two radiotherapy modalities—3D-CRT and SIB-IMRT—administered in the preoperative setting for patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). A total of 40 individuals who met the diagnostic criteria for LARC were enrolled and randomly allocated into two equal cohorts. Group A underwent 3D-CRT in combination with concurrent capecitabine, while group B receiv
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Written by Ngoc Dung Nguyen
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Recent evidence suggests that the PRIMA prognostic index (PRIMA-PI) may serve as a straightforward tool for risk stratification in patients with follicular lymphoma (FL). This study aimed to provide further insight into the prognosis of FL and retrospectively evaluated the prognostic utility of PRIMA-PI in comparison with the follicular lymphoma international prognostic index 2 (FLIPI2). A total of 45 newly diagnosed FL patients who received chemotherapy were included in this analysis. All patie
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Written by Soobia Saeed
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Although neural tissue cancers are frequently regarded as terminal, the precise origins and molecular or cellular mechanisms underlying these conditions remain elusive. Despite existing knowledge, the progression patterns and secondary effects associated with different brain tumors have not yet been fully mapped out. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage remains a prevalent diagnostic indicator in tumor detection, and in this context, enzymes associated with brain cancer were analyzed. The primary o
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Written by Arina Romanovna Maslyakova
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
The use of selenium nanoparticles in pharmaceutical research is well-documented in the scientific literature, particularly regarding their therapeutic potential in treating a variety of conditions such as hepatitis C, cancer, thyroid disorders, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, and more. This research investigated the effect of selenium nanoparticles on cancer tumor development. The study involved five groups of white laboratory mice: group 1, a healthy control group, group 2, a negative control
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Written by Alexei Sergeyevich Volkov
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Most patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) show a poor response to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy, and the mechanisms behind this resistance are not well understood. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been recognized as key regulators in tumor development and progression, with potential utility in cancer detection and predicting therapeutic outcomes. Despite this, the involvement of circRNAs in immune evasion in CRC remains largely unexplored.CircPHLPP2 was initially identified t
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Written by David Allan Smith
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the United States, with obesity contributing to 57% of cases. This study delves into the molecular mechanisms of extracellular vesicle (EV) release, which carry oncogenic proteins, and examines their role in obesity-related EC. Understanding these pathways is essential for uncovering how obesity promotes EC and for developing novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. Our findings revealed a pronounced increase in EV secretio
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Written by Dimitra Sofia Georgiou
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and the tumor suppressor p53 has a crucial role in CRC progression. Ubiquitin-specific protease 36 (USP36), a member of the deubiquitinating enzyme family, contributes to tumor development in various cancers. However, the mechanisms through which USP36 influences the p53 signaling pathway in CRC are not fully understood. In this study, we observed that USP36 expression was elevated in CRC tissues and correlat
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Written by Juan Carlos Ramirez
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Cervical cancer continues to pose a significant global health burden. Discovering novel targets for immunotherapy could offer a valuable strategy to improve treatment outcomes. This research investigates how CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) influences cervical cancer development and examines its promise as a target for therapy. We carried out in-depth investigations using clinical patient datasets and animal-based preclinical models to explore the link between CDCP1 levels and outcomes in
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Written by Gustavo Henrique Silva
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
The role of deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) in maintaining β-Catenin stability in intestinal stem cells and colorectal cancer (CRC) is not well characterized. Using an unbiased screening approach, we identified the DUB USP10 as a stabilizer of β-Catenin specifically in APC-truncated CRC models, both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analyses, including in vitro binding assays and computational modelling, indicated that USP10 interacts with β-Catenin through its unstructured N-terminal region, an
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Written by Wei Zhang
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
The combination of pembrolizumab and chemotherapy is currently used as first-line therapy for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and has demonstrated survival benefit. Despite this advance, the proportion of patients who achieve clinical responses with this standard-of-care (SOC) regimen remains relatively low. Interleukin (IL)-12 is a highly active immunostimulatory cytokine that bridges innate and adaptive immune responses and is essential for effective tumor
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Written by Elizabeth Ann Clark
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown improved survival compared with standard chemotherapy in resectable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the role of actionable genomic alterations (AGAs) in shaping response to these therapies remains poorly defined. This study investigates the influence of AGAs on treatment failure (TF) in patients undergoing neoadjuvant ICIs prior to surgical resection.We analyzed tumor molecular profiles from patients with stage I–IIIA resect
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Written by Hiroshi Kenji Nakamura
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Nutritional deprivation serves as a strategy for cancer cells to avoid detection by the immune system. Arginine (ARG), an amino acid with important roles in immune regulation, influences T-cell function and the body's defense against tumors. Low levels of ARG within the tumor surroundings can hinder T-cell effectiveness, while increasing ARG availability might boost anti-cancer immune responses.In this exploratory follow-up analysis of the randomized phase II CO.26 study, researchers assesse
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