Written by Harpreet Kaur
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Giant cells with multiple nuclei are frequently observed in histopathological examinations and are often crucial for diagnosis, though they can occasionally lead to diagnostic challenges. This study highlights a series of cases involving giant cell lesions (GCL), focusing on the differential diagnosis and the additional diagnostic methods used to reach a conclusive diagnosis. The aim was to develop a diagnostic approach to more accurately characterize these lesions. We reviewed all cases from Ja
Written by Asma Elhaj Ibrahim Abdulgadir
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a clot blocks a pulmonary artery, which can be fatal. Identifying high-risk patients allows for early interventions to prevent death. The symptoms and signs of PE are often vague and underdiagnosed. This study aims to investigate the clinical manifestations and risk factors of acute PE. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Alshaab Teaching Hospital between May and December 2019, with data analyzed using SPSS software. The most common clinica
Written by Ahmad Mohammad Khalil
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Epigenomic analysis involves large-scale data science, which poses significant challenges in converting data into usable knowledge. To achieve precise control over gene activation and suppression, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular components of epigenetic processes is essential. Only recently have advancements in technology allowed for the thorough exploration of the functional effects of complex epigenetic pathways. This progress involves integrating nuclease-free genome-editing (G
Written by Shaik Rehna
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
The present study is a clinical case report on amputation due to dry gangrene. Dry gangrene is caused by reduced blood flow through the arteries, leading to a gradual and progressive condition. In this type of gangrene, the affected tissue becomes dry, hard, and dark, eventually sloughing off. Dry gangrene is often observed in people with arterial blockages, such as arteriosclerosis, and can also be triggered by conditions such as Raynaud’s disease or neurological injuries. The disease usually b
Written by Magdalena Nandzik
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
The present review aimed to investigate the impact of keratoconus on patient well-being. Improving the quality of life of patients remains a key focus in modern medicine. The advent of advanced therapeutic methods has significantly slowed the progression of numerous diseases. Among the various causes of visual impairment, corneal diseases play a major role. Statistically, one in four people with vision problems suffers from a corneal condition. In particular, keratoconus is a pressing concern gl
Written by Hala Salim Sonbol
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Proteomics is a branch of science that focuses on the study of proteins—how they are structured, function, and interact in living organisms. This review article explores the various aspects of proteomics and its broad applications in various research areas. It emphasizes the pivotal role the proteome plays in an organism, with changes influenced by its physiological state and environmental factors. Nutritional proteomics, or neuroproteomics, applies proteomic techniques to study how proteins int
Written by Hassan Noor
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Cognitive disorders are among the important complications that can occur in association with surgery and anesthesia and require proactive planning and precautionary measures before surgical intervention. Overlooking or being unaware of the contributing factors can significantly increase the risk of developing such issues. This review article aims to examine the underlying causes and contributing factors associated with cognitive problems that occur in the perioperative period. This article seeks
Written by Michal Tomasz Grabowski
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Tongguanteng injection (TGT) is widely utilized in China for treating or supporting therapy in multiple cancer types; however, its therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms in osteosarcoma remain largely unexplored. Osteosarcoma cell lines 143B and MG-63 were exposed to varying concentrations of TGT. Cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were assessed using CCK8 assays, transwell assays, and flow cytometry. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified via RNA s
Written by Seung Hyun Kim
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect approximately 2 billion people globally and are caused by a range of pathogens, including protozoa, bacteria, and trypanosomes, primarily in tropical and subtropical regions. Among the 17 NTDs listed by the World Health Organization (WHO), protozoan infections such as those caused by Plasmodium, Entamoeba, Leishmania, and Trypanosoma represent a major public health concern. Indonesia, with its exceptional biodiversity resulting from a tropical climate, o
Written by Natalia Viktorovna Smirnova
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
This research seeks to explore the occurrence rates of smartphone dependency, levels of exercise, and signs of depression in middle school pupils, while assessing the interactive influence of smartphone dependency and exercise on depression indicators. Cluster sampling was applied across two middle schools located in Shanghai's Jing’an District, China. Single-variable comparisons examined differences in depression indicator rates according to various participant traits. Multiple logistic reg
Written by Carlos Alberto Siqueira
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
The objective of this research was to examine the factors influencing sleep quality and investigate related negative health effects in nurses working night shifts in China. Using convenience sampling, this cross-sectional investigation recruited 711 nurses on night shifts, aged between 20 and 55 years. Participants filled out surveys providing information on sociodemographic details, health-related factors, and sleep quality assessed via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Generalized lin
Written by Kyriakos Dimitrios Papadopoulos
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Achalasia, a primary motility disorder of the esophagus, is characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), resulting in symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, regurgitation, chest discomfort, and weight loss. Standard pharmacological treatments, including calcium channel blockers and nitrates, often provide limited benefit, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic strategies. This study explores the effects of Coptis chinensis and its major bioactive cons
Written by Renee Claire Fontaine
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Conventional chemotherapeutic regimens used in cervical cancer management are frequently associated with considerable adverse effects on the human body. Consequently, increasing attention has been directed toward microbial-derived bioactive compounds, particularly postbiotics, as alternative therapeutic options for malignant disorders. The present study explored the underlying mechanisms associated with two promising postbiotic-producing Lactobacillus isolates, Lactobacillus fermentum CH and L.
Written by Henry Charles Williams
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Therapy with antidepressants could contribute to increases in body mass, though extended-duration investigations remain scarce. The analysis incorporated 3,127 individuals (including 1,701 females) participating in the REGICOR cohort, with a mean age of 55.6 years (standard deviation 11.6) during the initial assessment period of 2003–2006, residing in northeastern Spain. Information was available from two assessments (initial and after a median interval of 6.3 years) regarding self-reported anti
Written by Kenji Tanaka
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
Choosing appropriate machine learning (ML) models in biomedical research typically depends on overall performance indicators. However, when these indicators yield very similar results across candidate models, determining the best option for practical clinical use becomes difficult. We developed an innovative combined approach that integrates visual examination of the Model Scoring Distribution Analysis (MSDA) with a newly introduced scoring measure (MSDscore). This technique was integrated into
Written by João Silva
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
This research explores the condition of substance use disorder (SUD) and patterns of substance consumption by applying three distinct unsupervised machine learning approaches aligned with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). The investigation relied on the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) dataset, drawn from a random sample of individuals who completed professional clinical evaluations. However, their official diagnoses remained und
Written by Emma Wilson
Published in Vol 3 Issue 2, 2023
High-dimensional routine healthcare records provide an opportunity to identify individuals at elevated risk of Alzheimer’s disease before formal diagnosis, but the value of thousands of available variables cannot be judged from predictive discrimination alone. This study re-examines an existing machine-learning experiment to determine how aggressive feature-space reduction affects discrimination, class-balanced performance, and model behavior when Alzheimer’s disease is predicted 3–4 years befor
